blizzard and frost depth

Another 10 inches of snow!  And blizzard winds.  The birds that ventured out of their shelters for food had to contend with lousy weather.  This female Northern Cardinal Cardinalis cardinalis was windblown and swinging while eating safflower seeds from the hanging tray feeder.  

Because so much insulating snow came down early in November and piled up repeatedly throughout winter . . .  soil frost depth is minimal at this time.  With all the moisture in the ground, it should be a good year for wildflowers!

ice stars

'Ice stars' or 'Lake stars' develop under very specific early winter conditions. 

First, a cold snap that freezes the pond ice an inch or two thick, followed by warmer days that bump the ice temperature above 32F. Pores form in the ice sheet where there are any imperfections in the water surface (plant matter, logs). Then, some snow falls with a cold front blowing in.  Warm water wells up from beneath the thin layer of ice, covered with a coating of snow and slush.  Temperature and precipitation have to be perfect for this to happen. 

plop!

 Hail falls on the pond with 'plop' sounds.

phoebe

Rainy cold day for flycatchers!  These two Eastern Phoebes Sayornis phoebe rested on the branch and spent several minutes to shake their feathers and preen feathers. Maybe they look bedraggled because they were hunting flying insects in wet weather.